C. ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." e) no Americans were taken prisoner by the Japanese. B) limited the number of Jewish refugees allowed entry into the United States. This was the first time refugees gained distinct legal status under international law. Which was effectively an economic declaration of war against Germany and the Axis Powers? They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. He died of a brain hemorrhage on April 12,1945. d.) He feared it would leave Britain vulnerable to a deadly German counter-offensive. Congress began negotiating a new immigration bill, which would set quotas for the first time on the number of immigrants from each country who could enter the United States. "The federal government encouraged us to continue producing consumer goods to keep American citizens happy. c.) The IRO constitution stated that refugees and displaced persons constitute an urgent problem which is international in scope and character and while displaced persons should be returned home, refugees should be assisted by international action. A. D) Soviet Union proposed free elections throughout Eastern Europe. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? . d.) He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. D) She is certain the Germans will lose the war. B. the refusal of the U.S. to trade any natural resources with Japan. To divide the German army C) transform "undesirables" into productive members of society. They mobilized all their armored divisions in Italy for a supposed invasion there. President Truman feared a second Japanese attack on American soil. Six million European Jews had been murdered. B. What is gangsterism? After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. (This happened just as the systematic, mass murder of the Jews began with the German invasion of the Soviet Union.) Mario likes diving\underline{\text{diving}}diving best of all sports. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. . B. the Munich Pact The United States declares war against Japan. The Act, which authorized 200,000 displaced persons to enter the United States, "mortgaged" the still-extant . US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. The War against Poland: Speed and Brutality, The Jewish Ghettos: Separated from the World. C) 71,000 people. Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia A. gain control of the Hawaiian Islands. the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the . Small but significant named World War II US Navy Corpsman grouping named to Wallace H. Fritsch, who served on Peleliu during World War II. Before a Joint Session of Congress on December 8, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the attack "a date which will live in . B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. For most Jewish refugees, the new paperwork combined with the lack of access to American diplomats ended their hope of immigration to the United States. A) the end of the Great Depression. "Despite wartime mobilization, we continued to feel the negative effects of the Great Depression. drastically cut back its defense industries. A) the passing of the War Powers Acts. D. B) more than one half B. a joint U.S.-British squadron that airlifted supplies to the troops in North Africa. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 On May 24, 1924, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act or the National Origins Act. "The group that benefited most, economically, from wartime production was U.S soldiers." Today, it has become far more than a parallel. By June 1948 Truman had pushed for some sort of legislation on behalf of displaced persons for at least eighteen months. C. Congress demanded an immediate end to the war B) membership of the U.N. Security Council was determined. Allied forces strategy during World War II. C. through the American Lend-Lease Act D. The U.S. rejected Japan's demand of expansion. If a sentence has no predicate adjective, write None on the line provided. C. While overall immigration into the United States did not increase, between 35,00040,000 DPs, most of whom were Jewish, entered the United States between December 22, 1945, and July 1, 1948, under provisions of the Truman Directive. a.) After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. Students begin to understand and stake out a preliminary position in response to the assessment writing prompt. After Germanys annexation of Austria and with the advice of the State Department, a group of Jewish congressmen met and decided not to introduce any new legislation to expand immigration to aid Jewish refugees. In the decades between World War I and the attack on Pearl Harbor, tensions between Japan and the United States were primarily caused by The bill, Truman stated, reflects a singular lack of confidence by the Congress in the capacity and willingness of the people of the United States to extend a welcoming hand to the prospective immigrants.. "The U.S. manufacturing sector produced less than the Axis powers did." Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, a world which still seemed to have no place for them. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. ", United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, The Nazi Persecution of Black People in Germany, The Nazi Olympics Berlin 1936: African American Voices and "Jim Crow" America. This online presentation also includes a set of interviews conducted in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. D. A. Japanese attacks on U.S. ships trading with China. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention. A major factor that led to US involvement in World War II was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Consistent with overall anti-immigrant sentiments in the country, the State Department viewed the quotas as limits, rather than goals, and did not seek to fill the quotas. buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. From our 21st-century point of view, it is hard to imagine World War II without the United States as a major participant. With the help of American troops, the Allies were able to push back Germany in Europe by 1944 and the United States ended World War II in August of 1945 with the atomic bombing of Japan. increase economic production to meet wartime demands. The United States will probably no longer make aircraft, weapons, and transport available to England so carelessly, as it can be assumed that they will need these for their own war against Japan. Which of the following is a reason that the United States initially stayed out of World War II? Alan Lomax was serving as folklore consultant for the project when he sent the December 8, 1941 telegram, asking fieldworkers to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions. The gap in the labor force created by departing soldiers meant opportunities for women. This presentation was made possible with the generous support of the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute and the New Deal Network. Both collections are included in this presentation. C) the independence of former British colonies in the Middle East Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which B. d.) "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. U.S. and British forces struck a major blow against the Nazis' capacity to make war by Why do you think Roosevelt compared the Germans to gangsters? In 1921 and 1924, the US Congress passed immigration laws that severely limited the number and national origin of new immigrants. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. the Japanese were not expecting a U.S. offensive there. d.) What did the existence of kamikaze pilots reveal about the Japanese military? Copyright 2023 Facing History & Ourselves. The United Nations succeeded where the League of Nations failed largely due to defend New York City against a nuclear attack. The so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in 1943 were a result of Which of these events helped increase world support for the establishment of Israel? They were the largest population centers in Japan. promote the spread of democracy all over the world. A. ____________________ Petra prefers water-skiing and is quite good at it. In the late 1930s, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution in Europe were consistently referred to as refugees. However, this term had no legal meaning under US law, save for theoretically exempting these immigrants from having to pass a literacy test. B. Under this international treaty, a refugee was defined as, "a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence as a result of such events, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it. Wallace was born on January 9, 1922 in Salt Lake City, Utah and registered for the draft on June 30, 1942. "Although our wages were far lower, we earned more money than we ever had before in the workplace. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. D. A) A group of Nazi generals hatched the plan to assassinate Hitler. D) more than 20 years. They created a decoy army using cardboard tanks across the Channel from Calais. Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order? C) about 15 years C) creating a military tribunal to punish those who participated in the Nazi genocide. What was the effect of Hitler's blitzkrieg tactics? D. was assassinated by a group of his own generals. The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. In exchange, refugees must abide by the laws and regulations of the country of asylum. C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. B. the economy failed to improve. D. "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. c.) After World War II began in 1939, the State Department cautioned consular officials to exercise particular care in screening applicants: "In view of the international situation, it is essential that all aliens seeking admission into the United States, including both immigrants and nonimmigrants be examined with the greatest care. Visa applicants were required to submit moral affidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. Visual evidence of the Holocaust, shown in popular magazines, newspapers and movie theater newsreels, did not change Americans minds towards immigration or refugees. Examine the history of the United States' entrance into World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor. A. The main idea behind the United Nations was to A) segregated Jews at every level of German society. As a result, relations with Latin-American nations improved substantially under Hoover, an anti-imperialist. Negative concur\hspace{1cm}_______ing \hspace{1cm}______ed \hspace{1cm}______ent\hspace{1cm}______ence, Identify the following term or individual and explain their significance. Why did Roosevelt and the other Allied leaders decide to pursue a "Europe First" strategy in the war? "As the war continued, the economy weakened, leaving most working American families poor." D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. C) They felt it would divert too many resources away from their military operations elsewhere. c.) On November 25, 1936, a month after Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan signed the Anti . cutting off its access to the rich Caucasus oil fields. Almost every country in the world participated in World War II.Most were neutral at the beginning, but only a relatively few nations remained neutral to the end. answer choices. Soldiers began to come home and find peacetime jobs. C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. Which argument sums up the difference between isolationists and interventionists regarding aid to the Allies? C. Virtually none of the fighting had taken place on U.S. soil. A) the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights After World War II, thousands of Nazis became informants in the Cold War against the Soviet Union and then got entry into the U.S. Eric Lichtblau's new book, The Nazi Next Door, tells the story. Savage fighting and heavy American casualties occurred in the battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Pete Seeger and Huddie Ledbetter (Leadbelly) recorded original songs for the "Dear Mr. President" interviews. The executive branch of the U.S. government was given unprecedented authority with B) the coup which put Hitler into power in 1933. B) save lives. President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward displaced persons (DPs). Unit 3 Challenge Questions/ The United States, Sophia U.S. History 2 Unit 4 Milestone Study, Sophia.org U.S. History II - UNIT 4 - CHALLEN, Vulnerability Scans, Security and Controls, Sophia.org U.S. History II - FINAL MILESTONE, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. D) World War II and the Korean Conflict, "The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members." Then, tell whether the gerund is a subject, a predicate nominative, a direct object, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. B) Many Americans feared the effect of refugees on the strained job market. World War II changed both the type of work women did and the volume at which they did it. The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. B) the end of World War II. Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of African Americans after the United States entered World War II. B) about 10 years c.) Depression; Isolationists thought aid would prolong the Depression. The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. View the list of all donors. c.) The principal belligerents were the Axis powersGermany, Italy, and Japanand the AlliesFrance, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. A) She refuses to imagine the alternative. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. "We found financial self-reliance, which was new for us, after we went to work in the defense industry." d.) Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. In the end, the United States was forced into the war on December 7th, 1941 when Japan surprise attack the United States at Pearl Harbor. ", d.) . "The government rejected deficit spending as a way to finance war production." D.Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war first. On December 8, Joseph Goebbels described Adolf Hitler as exceptionally happy when he learned the news. He believed a joint offensive with the Soviets through Eastern Europe would be far more effective. c.) He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization. a.) B. The war ended with the Axis powers' unconditional surrender in 1945. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts where most defense plants located. Faced with Congressional inaction, he issued a statement, known as the "Truman Directive," on December 22, 1945, announcing that DPs would be granted priority for US visas within the existing quota system. a.) They had developed a new technology that was able to jam the Nazi radar. The Second War Powers Act of 1942 (56 Stat. After the Day of Infamy: "Man-on-the-Street" Interviews Following the Attack on Pearl Harbor. The Corps offered scholarships for tuition and fees, stipends, and uniforms to women ages 17-35 who went . Choose the statement that describes an effect of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. B) 710,000 people. it halted the Japanese advance and put them on the defensive. a.) Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? a.) a.) a.) A. through the sale of government issued war bonds To address the need, federal funding began flowing to nursing schools in 1942, and in 1943 Congress authorized the Cadet Nurse Corps. A) one million people. \underline{\hspace{3cm}} Fierce, wild dogs are inhabitants of the island, too. After the United States intervened militarily in Vietnam in the mid-1960s, however, this political consensus began to break down. B. Interventionists thought aid would bring us into war; isolationists thought aid would keep us out of the war. A. Its involvement culminated in using newly American invented nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to defeat Imperial Japan in the Pacific War. Based on this graph and your knowledge of history, the growth in U.S. employment was sparked by A. Roosevelt placed an embargo on Japan. Why was Hitler happy that the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor? While the United States had remained neutral in the war, it responded to Japans aggression in Asia with economic sanctions that caused severe shortages of natural resources that the Japanese needed for their war effort. C. The safety of Japanese Americans was threatened because most of the Japanese American community lived in war zones. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. And what we all have learned is this: There is no such thing as security for any Nationor any individualin a world ruled by the principles of gangsterism. Hundreds of thousands of liberated Jews, suffering from starvation and disease, emerged from concentration camps, hiding places, and places of temporary refuge to discover a world which still seemed to have no place for them. B. WACs coordinated recruiting efforts for all of the armed services. Americans and the Holocaust online exhibition, Teaching Materials on Americans and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Library bibliography: The United States and the Holocaust, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. C. stable government The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. At the Potsdam Conference, the The Refugee Act of 1980 remains in effect. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage." ", d.) The sketch shown above is of "The Unconquered People," and describes the European resistance to Adolph Hitler and Germany on the part of . ", b.) American concerns over Japanese aggression in the Pacific. What was the result of the Battle of the Bulge? B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. A. the League of Nations. Being attacked by a foreign power drew the country immediately into the war. The United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention granted legal protection to refugees but placed limitations on qualifying for refugee status. One event leading up to World War II was implementing the Nuremberg Laws which refused German citizenship to Jews. A. new Geneva Convention agreements about prisoners. Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a, Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the, The only significant attempt to pass a law to aid refugees came in 1939, when Democratic Senator Robert Wagner of New York and Republican Congresswoman Edith Rogers of Massachusetts introduced. . C.It endorsed national self-determination for the post-war world. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. A) The United States did not want to worsen diplomatic relations with the Nazis. c.) Many Americans feared that he was bringing the country closer to another war in Europe. A second series of interviews, called "Dear Mr. President," was recorded in January and February 1942. U.S. code breakers had intercepted the Japanese plans. Did not destroy all ships/ One important effect of the D-Day invasion was that The result is a portrait of everyday life in America as the United States entered World War II. Choose the statement that best reflects the experience of women as a social group after the United States entered World War II. C. "Since the government guaranteed a profit on sales, our corporation accepted a defense contract." In Article 2, Principle 1, what does sovereign mean? Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. a.) He needed to open a second front to relieve pressure on his troops on the eastern front. The overall impact of such public policies was almost incalculable, but it certainly aided returning veterans to better themselves and to begin forming families and having children in unprecedented numbers. General Bradley had less experience in launching amphibious attacks. C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. The United States signed the United Nations Refugee Protocol on November 6, 1968. C. More expansion forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. it effectively destroyed Japan's ability to launch airstrikes. a.) The State Department, therefore, became responsible for enforcing the quota law, and midnight races ended. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the president of the United States for the majority of this time, from 1933 to 1945. About 15 years c ) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees, leaving most American... The Potsdam Conference, the United States did not expand quickly until the! 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